The role of industrial zones in local development based on the example of the Wieliczka Economic Activity Zone (Poland)

The aim of the article is to present the role of economic activity zones in the development of local urban centres and their surroundings. The main area of research was the area of the town and commune of Wieliczka, with particular emphasis on the Wieliczka Economic Activity Zone (WEAZ). As part of the analysis, attention was focused primarily on the impact of enterprises on the labour market and the income of the commune. Based on the existing literature studies, the scale of multiplier effects resulting from the development of enterprises in WEAZ was also estimated. The presentation of the impact of companies located in the Wieliczka Economic Activity Zone on the socio-economic development of the commune area made it possible to determine the scale of benefits resulting from investing public funds in the creation of this type of investment zones. Analysing the role of WEAZ in the development of the local economy, the authors identified the relationship between the inflow of investments and a permanent increase in demand on the local labour market. This also concerned the resilience of newly created jobs in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Impact of COVID-19 on Import and Export of Petroleum Products and Crude Oil in India

Imports and export have a significant contribution to increasing the effect of economies of scale and industrialization and lead to an increase in foreign exchange earnings. The oil and gas industry is a prime factor of development in the Indian economy. The natural gas and petroleum sector of India contributes one-seventh percent of the South Asian countries. Petroleum products can be considered ranked among the top five contributors of export trade in India. With the spread of COVID-19 at an exponential rate leading to shut down of industries, manufacturing, transportation, and offices, it has widely impacted the global supply chain. This research aims at studying the effect of COVID-19 on the export and import volumes of petroleum products and crude oil in India. Along with that, the research also covers the changes observed in the consumption and production of petroleum products and domestic and international exchange rate of crude oil before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Financing green and climate resilient infrastructure in ASEAN countries

Southeast Asia is one of the world's most energy-intensive and climate vulnerable regions, with rapid urbanization and industrialization increasing its greenhouse gas emissions and a high exposure to extreme weather events. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a massive impact on the region's economic growth. Decisions taken by leaders today to revive economies will either entrench the region's dependence on fossil fuels or accelerate decarbonization efforts to achieve the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. This article recalls the imperative of a green, climate resilient recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic to put ASEAN economies on a sustainable and inclusive development path before discussing the chronic infrastructure investment gap and reviewing options to catalyze climate investment to address this gap and finance recovery efforts. © 2023 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Seasonal and Lockdown Effects on Air Quality in Metro Cities in India

Air pollution is one of the worst avoidable threats in developing nations across the world. India has undergone a substantial number of infrastructure changes during recent years due to the ever-increasing population. This and the consequent industrialization, the air quality of Indian cities became worsened. The changes in climatic conditions across various cities in India also contribute to air pollution. To control the air pollution within the acceptable limit several control measures have been imposed in India, despite these efforts the air pollution level has not decreased considerably. In India, the first COVID-19 case has reported on 30th January 2020 in the state of Kerala. To control the quick spread of COVID-19 in India, the central government executed a three-week nationwide lockdown from 24th March 2020, and further, it has extended into several phases. It was the first time in India a long-term shutting down of all the sectors happening and which resulted in positively on the environment. This study is dealing with the lockdown effect on air quality in metro cities in India and is compared with the pre-existing conditions. Also, the seasonal variations in air quality in the course of the past two years are compared. The data of pollutants PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, O3, CO, and NH3 from metro cities were collected and by adopting the National Air Quality Index to depict the variations in overall air quality. During the lockdown period, most of the cities experience a considerable improvement in overall air quality and PM10, NO2, PM2.5, and CO concentrations. Whereas, the Ozone shows some increasing trend in a few cities might be due to the increment in the temperature caused by the exposure of sun during the summer season. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The Indonesian Economy in Turbulent Times

The year 2022 got off to a relatively optimistic start for Indonesia's economic managers. Notwithstanding the serious health and social outcomes inflicted by the Covid pandemic, the government had successfully minimised the economic fallout. It could reasonably contemplate a period of sustained economic recovery and rising prosperity in preparation for the 2024 national elections. However, the outlook began to deteriorate in the face of heightened global economic volatility and uncertainty: the economic and geostrategic ramifications of the Ukraine War, a sudden slowdown in the global economy, rising interest rates, historically high and volatile prices for some key commodities, international trade and transport disruptions, uncertainty about China's current economic trajectory and persistent if (so far) manageable Covid challenges. Nevertheless, the Indonesian economy is continuing its steady post-Covid progress: the return to 5% growth in late 2021 continued through to second quarter 2022, inflation remains moderate and living standards are slowly recovering. However, there are potentially major macroeconomic challenges on the horizon. In fiscal policy, there are many demands on the budget, yet there is limited fiscal space, and much of the increased budget revenue this year is again being allocated to subsidies. In monetary policy, there is concern that, as in many countries, the monetary authorities could be ‘behind the curve' of rising inflationary pressures. In his 16 August 2022 speech, President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) emphasised the importance of the industrial sector and of ‘downstreaming' as a means of accelerating industrial growth. Against this backdrop, and the sector's sluggish growth for much of this century, the paper also surveys recent patterns of industrialisation and prospects for the future. © 2022 ANU Indonesia Project.

Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a Solar Powered Air Purifier with UV Sterilization Capability

Rising air pollution is a cause of concern throughout the world. With rapid industrialization, growth of transportation industry, increasing construction activities, all has taken a toll on the air quality. The air quality in most parts of our country remains poor to moderately pollute for maximum part of the year. P.M. 2.5, P.M. 10, NOx, and SOx are the primary pollutants. Along with the poor quality of air, COVID-19 has added to the misery by affecting the respiratory tract and further worsening the condition of a patient. Through this project, we aim to build a economical solar powered air purifier that can be installed in each and every household as well as outdoors, catering to the air quality indoors, and contributing in purification of the air in the surrounding environment. The air purifier would be capable of providing air filtration as well as sterilization be powered by solar energy and be available at an affordable price. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The Indonesian Economy in Turbulent Times

The year 2022 got off to a relatively optimistic start for Indonesia’s economic managers. Notwithstanding the serious health and social outcomes inflicted by the Covid pandemic, the government had successfully minimised the economic fallout. It could reasonably contemplate a period of sustained economic recovery and rising prosperity in preparation for the 2024 national elections. However, the outlook began to deteriorate in the face of heightened global economic volatility and uncertainty: the economic and geostrategic ramifications of the Ukraine War, a sudden slowdown in the global economy, rising interest rates, historically high and volatile prices for some key commodities, international trade and transport disruptions, uncertainty about China’s current economic trajectory and persistent if (so far ) manageable Covid challenges. Nevertheless, the Indonesian economy is continuing its steady post-Covid progress: the return to 5% growth in late 2021 continued through to second quarter 2022, inflation remains moderate and living standards are slowly recovering. However, there are potentially major macroeconomic challenges on the horizon. In fiscal policy, there are many demands on the budget, yet there is limited fiscal space, and much of the increased budget revenue this year is again being allocated to subsidies. In monetary policy, there is concern that, as in many countries, the monetary authorities could be ‘behind the curve’ of rising inflationary pressures. In his 16 August 2022 speech, President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) emphasised the importance of the industrial sector and of ‘downstreaming’ as a means of accelerating industrial growth. Against this backdrop, and the sector’s sluggish growth for much of this century, the paper also surveys recent patterns of industrialisation and prospects for the future.Alternate :Para pelaku ekonomi Indonesia memulai tahun 2022 dengan optimisme. Tanpa mengesampingkan dampak serius kesehatan dan sosial yang diakibatkan oleh pandemi Covid, pemerintah telah berhasil meminimisasi keruntuhan ekonomi. Pemerintah dapat berfokus pada pemulihan ekonomi secara berkelanjutan dan peningkatan kemakmuran sembari menyongsong Pemilihan Umum 2024. Namun demikian, prospek ekonomi kembali memburuk di tengah naiknya gejolak ekonomi global dan ketidakpastian: ramifikasi ekonomi dan geostrategi dari perang di Ukraina, perlambatan mendadak perekonomian global, kenaikan suku bunga, tinggi dan bergejolaknya harga barang bagi beberapa komoditas utama, disrupsi perdagangan internasional dan transportasi, ketidakpastian mengenai arah ekonomi China dan persistensi tantangan-tantangan Covid. Perekonomian Indonesia meneruskan pertumbuhannya yang stabil pasca Covid: kembalinya pertumbuhan ke tingkat 5% pada akhir 2021 terus berlanjut ke Triwulan II – 2022, inflasi realtif rendah dan tingkat kelayakan hidup mulai pulih kembali. Namun, ada potensi tantangan makroekonomi besar di depan mata. Pada kebijakan fiskal, terdapat banyak permintaan untuk belanja, namun hanya sedikit ruang fiskal, dan banyak kenaikan penerimaan anggaran tahun ini dialokasikan untuk subsidi. Pada kebijakan moneter, terdapat kekuatiran bahwa otoritas moneter berada di belakang kurva kenaikan tekanan inflasi, sebagaimana terjadi juga di banyak negara lain. Pada pidato di 16 Agustus 2022, Presiden Joko Widodo menekankan pentingnya sektor industri dan hilirisasi sebagai alat akselerator pertumbuhan industri. Dengan latar belakang ini dan lambatnya pertumbuhan sektor industri sepanjang abad ini, tulisan ini juga mensurvei pola industrialisasi terkini serta prospek masa depannya.

Smart Three in One System for Indoor Safety Assurance

The main sources which spread communicable diseases are polluted air and vex bugs. Various kinds of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungus, and toxic particulate matter are the main pollutants in the air. Insects such as mosquitos and flies, who are called vex bugs are the carriers of those microorganisms. Industrialization and Urbanization have led to environmental pollution, and this has a direct impact on the spreading of infectious diseases. Recently, the biggest pandemic outbreak is the coronavirus. This virus is spread by polluted air. Hence this work has implemented a method using technologies such as IoT and auto-controlling, to mitigate these issues through air purification, air refreshing, and vex bugs controlling. © 2022 IEEE.

Sustainable Innovations in Circumstances of Pandemic Influencing Global Economies and Environment

Circular economy and sustainability have become a burgeoning consciousness in the recent years. It will be better appreciated and embraced by every individual when it becomes a part of our education curriculum across the globe. This should drive inter-disciplinary innovations to foster sustainability. Rapid industrialization in the twentieth century provided a major impetus for global urbanization. This led to the development of cities around industrial areas contributing largely to the socio-economic progress around the world. Cities turned into centers of education and employment for a significant portion of the growing population. To date, people are continuously migrating from rural to urban areas in pursuit of opportunities and a better lifestyle. However, this economic growth came at a huge cost of undesirable effects on the environment as well as human health. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of key technology trends, including digital payments, telemedicine, and robotics. These technologies can help reduce the spread of the coronavirus while helping businesses stay open. Technology can help make societies more resilient in the face of pandemics and other threats. During the COVID-19 pandemic, technology plays a crucial role in keeping our society functioning in isolation and quarantine. And these technologies may have a long-term impact beyond COVID-19. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Case Studies—AI for Infectious Disease

Infectious diseases are a prominent reason for morbidity and mortality in individuals worldwide. However, with the evolution of industrialization after World War II, there is an upsurge in the progress of chemotherapeutic agents, an extension of public health practices, and profound innovations in microbiology and immunology, leading to substantial reductions in the prevalence of mortality and morbidity owing to infectious diseases. Researchers and healthcare specialists keep exploring new knowledge to assist in confronting virulent diseases through the latest worldwide urgency. The various studies demonstrated AI as a promising technology in a better scaleup, speed-up processing capacity, consistency, and outpace human beings in certain healthcare activities. Thus, the healthcare sector utilized several AI technologies to combat infectious diseases such as TB, and COVID-19. The chapter aspires to exhaustively evaluate the position of AI as a powerful technique in diagnosing, forecasting, predicting, tracking, and drug development for infectious diseases and their associated pandemic. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.